Contents
Symbols used in this book
Preface
Acknowledgements
Chapter 1
The basics
1.1 Spelling and pronunciation
1.2 Phonemic and phonetic transcription
1.3 Phonemes and allophones
1.4 Accent and dialect
1.5 Model accents
Chapter 2
The transcription of vowels
2.1 The English vowel system
2.2 Strong and weak vowels
2.3 Before getting started
2.4 The front vowels /iː, ɪ, e/
Test 1: /iː, ɪ, e/
2.5 The symbol /i/
Test 2: /iː, ɪ, i/
2.6 The front vowel /æ/, the back vowel /ɑː/ and the central vowel /ʌ/
Test 3: /æ, ɑː, ʌ/
2.7 The back vowels /ɒ, ɔː/
Test 4: /ɒ, ʌ/ ~ Test 5: /ɒ, ɔː/
2.8 The back vowels /ʊ, uː/
Test 6: /ʊ, uː, ʌ/
2.9 The symbol /u/
Test 7: /uː, u/
2.10 The central vowel /ɜː/
Test 8: /ɜː, ɑː, ɔː, ʊ/
2.11 The central vowel /ə/
Variation between /ə/ and /ɪ/ ~ Syllabicity: schwa and syllabic consonants ~
Test 9: /ə, ɪ/ and syllabic consonants
2.12 The English diphthongs
Common mispronunciations
2.13 The closing diphthongs
Test 10: /aɪ, eɪ, ɔɪ, aʊ, əʊ/
2.14 The centring diphthongs
Test 11: /ɪə, eə, ʊə/
2.15 Diphthongs + /ə/
Test 12: /aɪə, eɪə, ɔɪə, aʊə, əʊə/
2.16 The transcription of function words
A short guide to the use of strong and weak forms ~ Test 13: Strong and weak forms
Chapter 3
The transcription of consonants
3.1 The English consonant system
3.2 The lighter side of spelling
3.3 The English plosives
Test 14: /p, b, t, d, k, g/ ~ The pronunciation of the ‘-ed’ ending ~
Test 15: The ‘-ed’ ending ~ Plosive elision and epenthesis ~
Test 16: Elision and epenthesis
3.4 The English fricatives
Test 17: /f, v, θ, ð, s, z, ʃ, ʒ, h/ ~
The pronunciation of the ‘-(e)s’ ending ~ Test 18: The ‘-(e)s’ ending ~
Test 19: /s, z/
3.5 The English affricates
Yod-coalescence as a source of word-internal /ʧ/ and /ʤ/ ~
Elision of the plosive portion of /ʧ/ and /ʤ/ ~ Test 20: /ʧ, ʤ/
3.6 The English nasals
Regressive assimilation as a source of word-internal /m/ and /ŋ/ ~
Test 21: /m, n, ŋ/
3.7 The English approximants (1): liquids
R-liaison ~ Test 22: /l, r
3.8 The English approximants (2): semivowels
The concept of ‘semivowel’ ~ Test 23: /j, w/
Chapter 4
The transcription of written texts
4.1 Stress
Stress-timing and isochrony
4.2 Predicting stress placement in non-compound words
Common stress patterns ~ Test 24: Stress in non-compound words
4.3 Predicting stress placement in compounds
The thirteen men rule ~ Test 25: Stress in compounds
4.4 Sentence stress
4.5 Final tips and reminders for transcribing from written texts
Passages for transcription
Answer key
References
Works cited ~ Further reading and reference
Comentarios
Colección Estudios de la Lengua Inglesa; 17
Citación Chicago
Lillo, Antonio.
Transcribing englidh: The nuts and bolts of phonemic transcription.
1
Granada:
Comares,
2009.
Citación APA
Lillo, Antonio
(2009).
Transcribing englidh: The nuts and bolts of phonemic transcription. Comares.